To convert acceleration measurements to velocity, what must be done to the signal?

To convert acceleration measurements to velocity, the required operation is integration of the signal. When you have acceleration data, which is a measure of how quickly the velocity of an object is changing, you can determine the velocity by integrating the acceleration over time. This process accumulates the influence of acceleration over the time period, resulting in a velocity measurement.

Integration effectively reverses the differentiation process, where acceleration is the derivative of velocity. Therefore, applying integration to acceleration data translates it into the corresponding velocity signal, allowing for an accurate representation of the object's speed at any given moment.

Filtering the signal would help in removing noise but does not provide the relationship between acceleration and velocity. Differentiating the signal would obtain acceleration from velocity, and squaring the signal has no direct relevance to the conversion process between these two physical quantities.